HOW TO Page Group 12

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Group Assignment 3 - Section B
Group 12

Introduction


XHTML is a web coding language that unites the expressive depth of the HTML standard with the stricter requirements of XML, resulting in a coding standard that is more compatible with various browsers and applications, is capable of being parsed, and furthers the customization abilities inherent in HTML.

As opposed to HTML, the requirements of XHTML are such that all elements (both empty and non-empty) must be closed, properly nested, and in lowercase letters. Additionally, all attribute values must be enclosed in double-quotes. The use of a DOCTYPE reference tag is mandatory. Also, many text formatting tags common to HTML are forbidden in XHTML, forcing authors instead to rely on internal and external CSS coding.

Changes to Common Tags


HTML

XHTML
<html>
 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="EN">
<P>
 <p>
<BODY>
 <body>
<H2>
 <h2>
</ol>
 </ ol>
<font face="value">
 <font family="value">
<WIDTH="value">
 <width="value">
<width=value>
 <width="value">
<i><b>...</i></b>
 <i><b>...</b></i>
<name="value">
 <id="value">

Changes to Code Snippets


• All free-floating text needs to be embedded properly using opening and closing paragraph tags.
<body>
<p>Free Floating Text
</p>
</body>

• All tags must be ended properly either by using a self closing tag or by a standard closing tag.
<br />
 
<b>This is bold text.</b>

• All non-empty tag elements must be closed like the example.
<element="value" />

• All valid XHTML documents must have one (and only one) root element.
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="EN">
<head> ... </head>
<body> ... </body>
</html>

• All images displayed must include alternate text to display in lieu of the image file itself.
<img src="image.gif" alt="image description goes here" />

Valuable Web Resources


• W3C Schools: http://www.w3schools.com/xhtml/
• The Web Standards Project: http://www.webstandards.org/learn/articles/askw3c/oct2003/
• Code Project: http://www.codeproject.com/html/htmltoxhtml.asp